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Vaping is known by association Respiratory disease And Nicotine addiction. Now, new study, construction In the previous evidenceIt found that vaping, which is more common among teenagers, can increase exposure to lead and uranium — substances that can affect brain and physical development in young people.
“This study analyzed a nationally representative sample of US adolescent e-cigarette use to examine whether urinary metal levels (ie, cadmium, lead, and uranium) differ by vaping frequency and flavor type,” said Dr. Hongying Daisey, senior author. The study was published on Monday In the Tobacco Control Journal, via email.
Vaping has declined slightly among teenagers. High school students' use of e-cigarettes decreased from 14.1% to 10% from 2022 to 2023. 2023 National Youth Tobacco Survey found. But for this group, the most common public health concern remains tobacco consumption (in the form of nicotine). There is a die from 2014.
From December 2023, only 23 Tobacco taste E-cigarette products are effectively approved for sale in the US by the US Food and Drug Administration after the agency. All the taste is blocked A cartridge-based vape pen without menthol and tobacco to prevent youth from inhaling. The ban, however, does not include disposable e-cigarettes or their own e-liquids, which come in different flavors.
Dye and co-authors found that among teenagers who smoked regularly — six to 19 days out of a total of the previous 30 days — urine lead levels were 40% higher, which was defined as sporadic over one to five days of the previous month. For those who blew frequently – 20 days or more – rates were 30% higher. E-cigarette users who preferred the sweet flavor also had higher levels of uranium in their urine than those who preferred the menthol or mint flavor, said Dye, a professor in the Department of Biostatistics at the Nebraska Medical Center.
According to the National Youth Tobacco Survey, nearly 90% of youth use vapes and e-cigarettes.
E-cigarette aerosol is known to contain various potentially harmful compounds including metalsDye said she was not surprised by the findings.
However, long-term exposure to metals, “even at low levels, can lead to harmful health effects, affecting cardiovascular, renal, cognitive and mental functions,” she added.
The study was conducted at one time, so the authors could not control for long-term or long-term exposure. But “no form of tobacco use is safe for young people,” Dye said. “Parents should be aware of the dangers of e-cigarette use and advise their children to stop vaping.”
The study's findings are based on responses and bio-samples from 200 teens who participated in the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health, or PATH, youth survey conducted between December 2018 and November 2019.
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Expert opinion on the findings is mixed.
“This well-conducted study highlights the need for careful monitoring of exposure to e-cigarette users and highlights the fact that e-cigarettes are not risk-free,” said co-author Dr Leon Shahab, professor of health psychology at the University of London. UCL Tobacco and Alcohol Research Group in a news release.
“However, these findings must be seen in context,” added Shahab, who was not involved in the study. “Uranium has many different important sources of exposure (food, water associated with geographic location) that are not specifically controlled for in this analysis. In addition, no difference in uranium exposure was found between previous uranium users and e-cigarette users, nor was uranium detected in e-cigarette aerosol, a finding that could be explained by other factors.
But lead has been found in e-cigarette aerosols in previous studies, Shahab added. However, the urine volume reported in this study, even with frequent vaping, was lower than or similar to that of non-vaping adults in the general population.
“However, it's important to note that no level of lead exposure is safe,” Shahab said.
The authors acknowledge that their study was observational, meaning it did not find a causal relationship between breath and toxic metal levels.
But the authors wonder how e-cigarettes work when metals are found in participants' urine.
“E-cigarettes are battery-powered devices that heat a liquid solution through a metal coil,” Dye said. “This heating process can cause metal particles to be released into the liquid that e-cigarette users inhale.”
According to Dye, teenagers prefer sweet flavors over others. But knowing why this choice resulted in higher uranium exposure requires more research. Study of 2021However, ethyl maltol, an artificial sweetener used in some vaping liquids that tastes like cotton candy, can transport heavy metals into cells and cause cell death in the lungs when copper is present.
And “heavy metal exposure is largely driven by the type of device used,” Shahab said, “future studies should investigate whether there are any meaningful differences between different types of e-cigarettes to inform managers, for example, to limit the use of devices that expose users to heavy metals.”
If you need to stop breathing or if you are a parent or caregiver who wants to help your child stop breathing, Actions you can take today.
Knowing your personal reasons for quitting can help you make choices that are more in line with your goals than simply knowing the health risks. Setting a quit date will help you mentally prepare for any challenges. Working with a therapist can help you identify what your triggers and challenges might be, and a Personal termination plan Based on your daily life.